Section 1: Scrum Theory and Values (Q1–12)
1. Scrum is described in the Scrum Guide as a framework, not a methodology, primarily because:
a) It prescribes every possible technique in exhaustive detail
b) It is identical to a full methodology with no room for tailoring
c) It provides minimal structure within which people can employ various processes and techniques
d) It only applies to software development
Answer: c) It provides minimal structure within which people can employ various processes and techniques
2. Which of the following best explains why Scrum uses empirical process control rather than a fully predictive approach?
a) Predictive planning is always more effective for product development
b) All requirements are always fully known in advance
c) Complex work involves unknowns that make upfront, exhaustive planning unreliable
d) Empirical control eliminates any need for feedback
Answer: c) Complex work involves unknowns that make upfront, exhaustive planning unreliable
3. Which of the three pillars of empirical process control is most directly supported by the Sprint Review event?
a) Inspection
b) None of the pillars relate to the Sprint Review
c) Transparency only, with no inspection
d) Adaptation only, with no inspection
Answer: a) Inspection
4. A Scrum Team that hides problems or inflates progress reports is undermining which pillar of empiricism?
a) Commitment
b) Adaptation
c) Transparency
d) Inspection
Answer: c) Transparency
5. If inspection reveals that a process is deviating outside acceptable limits and no adjustment is made, this represents a failure of:
a) Commitment
b) Adaptation
c) Focus
d) Transparency
Answer: b) Adaptation
6. Which Scrum value is most directly demonstrated when a Developer openly shares that they are behind on a task instead of hiding it?
a) Focus
b) Openness
c) Commitment
d) Respect
Answer: b) Openness
7. The Scrum values support the building of which three pillars?
a) Fixed schedules
b) Trust
c) Individual competition
d) Documentation completeness
Answer: b) Trust
8. Which of the following best reflects the value of “Commitment” in the context of a Scrum Team member?
a) Committing only to individually assigned tasks with no regard for team goals
b) Avoiding accountability for missed commitments
c) Personally committing to achieving the goals of the Scrum Team
d) Committing to a fixed scope regardless of new information
Answer: c) Personally committing to achieving the goals of the Scrum Team
9. Scrum Team members demonstrate “Courage” by:
a) Refusing to ever change the plan
b) Avoiding any disagreement with the Product Owner
c) Working in isolation to avoid conflict
d) Raising difficult issues, such as scope or quality concerns, even when uncomfortable
Answer: d) Raising difficult issues, such as scope or quality concerns, even when uncomfortable
10. When Scrum values are lived by the Scrum Team, the empirical pillars of transparency, inspection, and adaptation:
a) Are replaced entirely
b) Apply only to the Product Owner
c) Become unnecessary
d) Come to life and build trust for everyone
Answer: d) Come to life and build trust for everyone
11. According to the Scrum Guide, Scrum has been used to manage work on which types of complex problems?
a) Products, services, and complex work across a broad range of industries, not just software
b) Only software development products
c) Only manufacturing processes
d) Only marketing campaigns
Answer: a) Products, services, and complex work across a broad range of industries, not just software
12. Which best describes the relationship between Scrum’s rules and its flexibility?
a) Scrum’s roles, events, and artifacts are immutable, but the specific practices used within them can vary widely
b) The five events can be freely renamed or removed without consequence
c) Every practice and technique used within Scrum is strictly mandated
d) Scrum has no defined structure whatsoever
Answer: a) Scrum’s roles, events, and artifacts are immutable, but the specific practices used within them can vary widely
Section 2: The Scrum Team and Accountabilities (Q13–27)
13. In the Scrum Guide, the term used to describe the Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Developers is:
a) Accountabilities, not roles or titles
b) Departments within the organization
c) Temporary positions that rotate daily
d) Job titles assigned by HR
Answer: a) Accountabilities, not roles or titles
14. The Scrum Team is described as being unified by:
a) Multiple, competing Product Goals simultaneously
b) A single Product Goal at a time
c) A separate goal for each individual Developer
d) The Scrum Master’s personal agenda
Answer: b) A single Product Goal at a time
15. Which best explains why the Scrum Guide recommends only one Product Owner per product, rather than a committee?
a) The Scrum Master must approve all Product Owner decisions regardless
b) A single point of accountability avoids conflicting priorities and enables clear, timely decisions
c) Multiple Product Owners are required for large products
d) Committees are always faster at making decisions
Answer: b) A single point of accountability avoids conflicting priorities and enables clear, timely decisions
16. The Product Owner may delegate the responsibility of managing the Product Backlog to others, but:
a) Delegation is not permitted under any circumstances
b) Accountability transfers fully to whoever is delegated the task
c) Only the Scrum Master can accept such delegation
d) The Product Owner remains accountable for the outcome
Answer: d) The Product Owner remains accountable for the outcome
17. Which of the following best describes how Developers are held accountable within the Scrum Team?
a) Being individually accountable only to the Scrum Master
b) Having no accountability for quality, only for speed
c) Creating a plan for the Sprint, adapting their plan daily toward the Sprint Goal, and holding each other accountable as professionals
d) Being accountable solely to external stakeholders, bypassing the Product Owner
Answer: c) Creating a plan for the Sprint, adapting their plan daily toward the Sprint Goal, and holding each other accountable as professionals
18. Which statement best reflects the Scrum Guide’s description of “Developers” as an accountability?
a) It refers only to individuals who write source code
b) It refers to anyone on the Scrum Team committed to creating any aspect of a usable Increment, regardless of specific job title
c) It refers only to individuals with the job title “Software Developer”
d) It excludes testers, designers, and other specialized roles
Answer: b) It refers to anyone on the Scrum Team committed to creating any aspect of a usable Increment, regardless of specific job title
19. If organizational structures prevent the Scrum Team from being truly cross-functional, the Scrum Master should:
a) Instruct the Product Owner to lower the Definition of Done permanently
b) Work to address the structural impediment, since it limits the team’s ability to deliver value independently
c) Ignore the issue, as it is outside Scrum’s scope
d) Recommend abandoning Scrum entirely
Answer: b) Work to address the structural impediment, since it limits the team’s ability to deliver value independently
20. Which best describes why the Scrum Guide emphasizes that Scrum Teams are self-managing?
a) They internally decide who does what, when, and how, rather than being directed by people outside the team
b) They require constant direction from a project manager
c) They cannot make any decisions without Product Owner approval
d) Self-management applies only to the Scrum Master
Answer: a) They internally decide who does what, when, and how, rather than being directed by people outside the team
21. A stakeholder who wants to change the priority of Product Backlog items should direct that request to:
a) The Product Owner
b) The Scrum Master, who will decide unilaterally
c) Any Developer directly
d) The entire organization via a formal vote
Answer: a) The Product Owner
22. Which of the following best reflects appropriate Scrum Master behavior when a Developer struggles with a technical decision?
a) Escalate immediately to senior management without first supporting the team
b) Facilitate discussion or connect them with resources, rather than dictating the technical solution
c) Ignore the request for help
d) Make the technical decision personally, regardless of expertise
Answer: b) Facilitate discussion or connect them with resources, rather than dictating the technical solution
23. The Scrum Guide states the Scrum Master serves the organization by helping employees and stakeholders understand and enact Scrum, and by:
a) Working only with the Product Owner, with no broader organizational involvement
b) Replacing the need for any executive sponsorship
c) Planning and advising Scrum implementations within the organization
d) Directly managing the organization’s financial reporting
Answer: c) Planning and advising Scrum implementations within the organization
24. Can a single person serve as Scrum Master for more than one Scrum Team?
a) Yes, depending on context, as long as they can effectively fulfill the accountability for each team
b) Only if all teams share the same Product Owner
c) Only during the team’s first Sprint
d) No, this is strictly forbidden under all circumstances
Answer: a) Yes, depending on context, as long as they can effectively fulfill the accountability for each team
25. Which of the following best represents the Product Owner acting in the best interest of the organization?
a) Prioritizing personal preferences over stakeholder needs
b) Avoiding any interaction with stakeholders
c) Delegating all prioritization decisions permanently to the Scrum Master
d) Continuously optimizing the value of the work the Developers perform
Answer: d) Continuously optimizing the value of the work the Developers perform
26. Effective Product Ownership is visible in all of the following, EXCEPT:
a) Assigning daily tasks to individual Developers
b) Ensuring the Product Backlog is transparent and understood
c) Ordering Product Backlog items effectively
d) Clearly communicating the Product Goal
Answer: a) Assigning daily tasks to individual Developers
27. According to the Scrum Guide, the entire Scrum Team is accountable for:
a) Only the Product Owner is accountable for the Increment
b) Accountability for the Increment lies solely with external stakeholders
c) Creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint
d) Only the Developers are accountable for value delivered
Answer: c) Creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint
Section 3: The Sprint and Sprint Planning (Q28–37)
28. Which of the following best reflects why Sprints are kept to a consistent, fixed length?
a) Fixed length eliminates the need for any planning
b) Fixed length is only relevant for the first few Sprints
c) Fixed length guarantees the team will never miss a Sprint Goal
d) Consistent length supports predictability and simplifies planning, inspection, and adaptation cadence
Answer: d) Consistent length supports predictability and simplifies planning, inspection, and adaptation cadence
29. Which of the following would generally NOT occur during a Sprint?
a) Daily inspection and adaptation of progress
b) Refinement of upcoming Product Backlog items
c) Ongoing collaboration between Developers and the Product Owner
d) Work definitions that significantly change the agreed Sprint Goal
Answer: d) Work definitions that significantly change the agreed Sprint Goal
30. Sprint Planning is time-boxed to a maximum of how many hours for a one-month Sprint?
a) Four hours
b) Eight hours
c) Two hours
d) Sixteen hours
Answer: b) Eight hours
31. During Sprint Planning, “Why is this Sprint valuable?” is primarily addressed by:
a) The Scrum Master alone, without Product Owner input
b) A fixed statement that never changes across Sprints
c) The Product Owner proposing how the product could increase its value and utility in the current Sprint
d) External stakeholders exclusively
Answer: c) The Product Owner proposing how the product could increase its value and utility in the current Sprint
32. Which best explains how Developers determine “How will the chosen work get done” during Sprint Planning?
a) They decompose Product Backlog items into smaller work items, often creating a plan using techniques of their choosing
b) No plan is required beyond the list of selected backlog items
c) The Scrum Master creates the plan on their behalf
d) The Product Owner dictates the exact technical approach
Answer: a) They decompose Product Backlog items into smaller work items, often creating a plan using techniques of their choosing
33. A Scrum Master facilitating Sprint Planning ensures that:
a) The event takes place, is understood by attendees, and stays within its time-box
b) Only the Product Owner speaks during the event
c) No discussion of risk or dependencies occurs
d) The Developers select exactly the amount of work the Product Owner demands, regardless of capacity
Answer: a) The event takes place, is understood by attendees, and stays within its time-box
34. Which of the following best reflects an appropriate Sprint Goal?
a) A goal that changes every day of the Sprint
b) A rigid checklist with no room for adaptation
c) A goal set exclusively by external stakeholders with no Developer input
d) A single objective for the Sprint that gives the Developers flexibility regarding the exact work needed to achieve it
Answer: d) A single objective for the Sprint that gives the Developers flexibility regarding the exact work needed to achieve it
35. If, during Sprint Planning, the Developers determine they have too much work forecasted, they should:
a) Proceed anyway and plan to work significant unplanned overtime
b) Negotiate the selected Product Backlog items with the Product Owner
c) Wait until the Sprint has started to raise the concern
d) Automatically extend the Sprint
Answer: b) Negotiate the selected Product Backlog items with the Product Owner
36. Which is the most appropriate reason for a Product Owner to cancel a Sprint?
a) The team completed their work early
b) A single Developer disagrees with a design decision
c) The Sprint Goal becomes obsolete due to a significant change in circumstances
d) The Sprint Review is inconvenient to schedule
Answer: c) The Sprint Goal becomes obsolete due to a significant change in circumstances
37. Sprints enable predictability by ensuring:
a) The team never needs to adapt its approach
b) Stakeholders are excluded from providing feedback until the final release
c) Inspection and adaptation of progress toward a Product Goal occur at least every calendar month
d) All requirements are fixed and never change throughout the product’s life
Answer: c) Inspection and adaptation of progress toward a Product Goal occur at least every calendar month
Section 4: The Daily Scrum (Q38–45)
38. Which of the following best reflects the intended format of the Daily Scrum, according to the Scrum Guide?
a) A written report submitted electronically with no live discussion
b) A formal presentation to senior executives
c) The Developers can select whatever structure and techniques they want, as long as the event focuses on progress toward the Sprint Goal
d) A rigid, mandatory three-question format with no flexibility
Answer: c) The Developers can select whatever structure and techniques they want, as long as the event focuses on progress toward the Sprint Goal
39. The Daily Scrum is held every day of the Sprint to:
a) Inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog
b) Replace the need for the Sprint Retrospective
c) Assign new, unrelated work items
d) Allow the Product Owner to reprioritize the entire Product Backlog
Answer: a) Inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog
40. Which of the following best describes appropriate Scrum Master involvement if Developers struggle to keep the Daily Scrum focused?
a) Report the issue directly to senior management without first coaching the team
b) Take over running the Daily Scrum permanently
c) Cancel the Daily Scrum indefinitely
d) Coach the Developers on effective techniques, without taking over the event
Answer: d) Coach the Developers on effective techniques, without taking over the event
41. If a Developer cannot attend the Daily Scrum due to illness, the remaining Developers should:
a) Skip the Daily Scrum for the remainder of the Sprint
b) Postpone the Daily Scrum until all Developers can attend
c) Hold the Daily Scrum as planned and inspect progress with the information available
d) Cancel the Daily Scrum for that day
Answer: c) Hold the Daily Scrum as planned and inspect progress with the information available
42. Which best reflects the value of the Daily Scrum being held at a consistent time and place?
a) It replaces the need for Sprint Planning
b) It guarantees the Sprint Goal will be achieved
c) It reduces complexity and creates a predictable rhythm for the team
d) It ensures external stakeholders can always attend
Answer: c) It reduces complexity and creates a predictable rhythm for the team
43. Which best reflects appropriate handling of detailed technical discussions that arise during the Daily Scrum?
a) Extend the Daily Scrum indefinitely to resolve them fully
b) Ignore them entirely
c) Escalate every technical discussion to the Product Owner immediately
d) Note them and hold a follow-up conversation immediately after the event with relevant team members
Answer: d) Note them and hold a follow-up conversation immediately after the event with relevant team members
44. The Daily Scrum is considered an internal event for:
a) Executive stakeholders only
b) Anyone in the organization, with mandatory participation from all departments
c) The Developers, though others may be invited to listen if it does not disrupt the event’s focus
d) The Product Owner exclusively
Answer: c) The Developers, though others may be invited to listen if it does not disrupt the event’s focus
45. Which best describes why the Daily Scrum is limited to 15 minutes?
a) Because it replaces the need for any other Scrum event
b) Because Developers are only available for 15 minutes per day
c) Because Scrum requires all events to be exactly 15 minutes
d) To keep the event efficient and focused, avoiding it becoming a lengthy status meeting
Answer: d) To keep the event efficient and focused, avoiding it becoming a lengthy status meeting
Section 5: The Sprint Review (Q46–53)
46. Which of the following best reflects the collaborative nature of the Sprint Review?
a) Stakeholders and the Scrum Team actively discuss progress, feedback, and next steps together
b) It excludes discussion of the Product Backlog entirely
c) It occurs only if the Product Owner decides it is necessary
d) It is strictly a one-directional presentation with no stakeholder input
Answer: a) Stakeholders and the Scrum Team actively discuss progress, feedback, and next steps together
47. During the Sprint Review, the group collaborates on what to do next, which often provides valuable input for:
a) Individual performance evaluations
b) The organization’s annual financial audit
c) The Scrum Master’s personal certification renewal
d) The subsequent Sprint Planning event
Answer: d) The subsequent Sprint Planning event
48. Which best describes the relationship between the Sprint Review and the Product Backlog?
a) The Sprint Review has no impact on the Product Backlog
b) The Sprint Review always results in the Product Backlog being deleted and rebuilt
c) The Product Backlog may be adjusted as a result of insights and feedback gathered during the Sprint Review
d) The Product Backlog is finalized and locked once the Sprint Review begins
Answer: c) The Product Backlog may be adjusted as a result of insights and feedback gathered during the Sprint Review
49. A Sprint Review that only reports “percent complete” for each task, without demonstrating working functionality, is:
a) Missing the intent of the event, which emphasizes inspecting an actual, usable Increment
b) A best practice recommended by the Scrum Guide
c) Equivalent to a proper Sprint Review
d) Preferred when stakeholders are short on time
Answer: a) Missing the intent of the event, which emphasizes inspecting an actual, usable Increment
50. Which of the following best reflects the purpose of inviting key stakeholders to the Sprint Review?
a) To finalize the Definition of Done
b) To approve the Sprint Backlog for the next Sprint
c) To gather feedback on the Increment and inform future direction
d) To evaluate individual Developer performance
Answer: c) To gather feedback on the Increment and inform future direction
51. Which of these is an appropriate outcome of a Sprint Review where market conditions have shifted since the last Sprint?
a) The Sprint Review is canceled because conditions changed
b) The Scrum Team must ignore the market shift until the next release
c) The current Sprint is automatically extended
d) The Product Owner may re-order the Product Backlog to reflect the new context
Answer: d) The Product Owner may re-order the Product Backlog to reflect the new context
52. According to the Scrum Guide, the Sprint Review should never be considered only as:
a) A milestone gate or status update meeting with no real inspection or adaptation
b) A working session with meaningful discussion
c) An opportunity for stakeholder collaboration
d) An event that can influence the Product Backlog
Answer: a) A milestone gate or status update meeting with no real inspection or adaptation
53. Who typically leads or facilitates the Sprint Review discussion about business, budget, or timeline considerations?
a) The Product Owner, often in collaboration with the Scrum Team
b) The Developers exclusively
c) The Scrum Master, without Product Owner involvement
d) An external auditor
Answer: a) The Product Owner, often in collaboration with the Scrum Team
Section 6: The Sprint Retrospective (Q54–61)
54. The Sprint Retrospective is fundamentally focused on improving:
a) Quality and effectiveness across people, relationships, processes, and tools
b) Only the Product Backlog content
c) Only stakeholder satisfaction scores
d) Only the Scrum Master’s individual performance
Answer: a) Quality and effectiveness across people, relationships, processes, and tools
55. Which of the following best reflects the tone the Scrum Master should encourage during a Sprint Retrospective?
a) A formal disciplinary review of individual mistakes
b) A meeting focused only on celebrating successes with no discussion of challenges
c) A meeting led entirely by external management
d) A safe, blameless environment that encourages honest reflection
Answer: d) A safe, blameless environment that encourages honest reflection
56. During the Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team should identify the most helpful changes to:
a) Report directly to executive leadership without team discussion
b) Finalize the next Sprint’s exact Product Backlog order
c) Improve its effectiveness, and prioritize which improvements to implement
d) Present at the next Sprint Review
Answer: c) Improve its effectiveness, and prioritize which improvements to implement
57. Process improvements identified in a Sprint Retrospective can, at the latest, be addressed:
a) In the very next Sprint
b) Only once per year
c) Only if approved by external stakeholders
d) Only at the end of the entire product’s life
Answer: a) In the very next Sprint
58. Which of the following best reflects why the Sprint Retrospective occurs after the Sprint Review?
a) It replaces the need for the Sprint Review entirely
b) It allows the team to incorporate any insights from the Sprint Review into its reflection on process improvements
c) It has no relationship to the Sprint Review’s timing
d) It must occur before the Daily Scrum of the same Sprint
Answer: b) It allows the team to incorporate any insights from the Sprint Review into its reflection on process improvements
59. A Scrum Master varying the format of the Sprint Retrospective (e.g., using different facilitation techniques) primarily helps to:
a) Keep the event engaging and surface different types of insights over time
b) Violate the Scrum Guide’s requirements
c) Eliminate the need for team participation
d) Replace the need for a Sprint Goal
Answer: a) Keep the event engaging and surface different types of insights over time
60. Which best reflects a healthy Sprint Retrospective outcome?
a) A long list of unprioritized ideas with no follow-through
b) A list of individual criticisms with no plan for improvement
c) A small number of concrete, actionable improvements the team commits to trying next Sprint
d) No action items at all, since the Sprint went well
Answer: c) A small number of concrete, actionable improvements the team commits to trying next Sprint
61. The Sprint Retrospective formally ends the Sprint, meaning:
a) It only occurs once per release, not every Sprint
b) It occurs before the Sprint Review
c) It is the final event before Sprint Planning for the next Sprint begins
d) It has no fixed place within the Sprint cycle
Answer: c) It is the final event before Sprint Planning for the next Sprint begins
Section 7: Product Backlog and the Product Goal (Q62–71)
62. Which of the following best reflects why the Product Backlog is described as a “living artifact”?
a) It is identical in structure across all products
b) It is never finished and continuously evolves as more is learned about the product and its environment
c) It only changes once per year
d) It is finalized permanently once the project charter is signed
Answer: b) It is never finished and continuously evolves as more is learned about the product and its environment
63. The Product Goal serves as a long-term objective for the Scrum Team, and:
a) Is unrelated to the Product Backlog
b) Is set solely by the Scrum Master
c) Changes every Sprint
d) Must be fulfilled or abandoned before the Scrum Team takes on a new Product Goal
Answer: d) Must be fulfilled or abandoned before the Scrum Team takes on a new Product Goal
64. Which of the following best describes the relationship between Product Backlog items and the Product Goal?
a) Product Backlog items are only created after the Product Goal is achieved
b) Product Backlog items collectively represent everything needed to achieve the Product Goal
c) They are entirely unrelated concepts
d) The Product Goal is a single Product Backlog item
Answer: b) Product Backlog items collectively represent everything needed to achieve the Product Goal
65. Product Backlog refinement typically includes:
a) Adding detail, estimates, and order to Product Backlog items
b) Assigning individual Developer performance ratings
c) Replacing the Product Owner
d) Deleting the entire Product Backlog and starting over
Answer: a) Adding detail, estimates, and order to Product Backlog items
66. According to the Scrum Guide, refining the Product Backlog is:
a) A formal event with a fixed time-box mandated by the Scrum Guide
b) Performed only once at the start of the product’s life
c) An ongoing activity to add detail, such as description, order, and size
d) The sole responsibility of the Scrum Master
Answer: c) An ongoing activity to add detail, such as description, order, and size
67. If stakeholders disagree about the priority of two Product Backlog items, the final ordering decision rests with:
a) A majority vote among stakeholders
b) The Scrum Master
c) The Product Owner
d) The most senior Developer
Answer: c) The Product Owner
68. Which of the following best reflects effective Product Backlog management?
a) Keeping the Product Backlog hidden from the Developers until Sprint Planning
b) Ensuring transparency, clarity, and visibility of what the Scrum Team will work on next
c) Avoiding any prioritization, presenting items in random order
d) Fixing the entire backlog permanently after the first Sprint
Answer: b) Ensuring transparency, clarity, and visibility of what the Scrum Team will work on next
69. A well-refined, top-ordered Product Backlog item should be:
a) Written exclusively by the Scrum Master
b) Estimated only in exact hours, never relative sizing
c) As large and vague as possible
d) Small and clear enough for the Developers to reasonably forecast completing it within a single Sprint
Answer: d) Small and clear enough for the Developers to reasonably forecast completing it within a single Sprint
70. Which of the following best reflects who can add items to the Product Backlog?
a) Only external auditors may add items
b) Only the original project sponsor may add items
c) Anyone can suggest items, but the Product Owner decides whether and how they are incorporated
d) Only the Scrum Master may add items
Answer: c) Anyone can suggest items, but the Product Owner decides whether and how they are incorporated
71. Which of the following best reflects why the Product Backlog should never be considered “complete”?
a) It becomes complete after the first Increment is delivered
b) It becomes complete once Sprint Planning is finished
c) It becomes complete at the end of each Sprint
d) The earliest a Product Backlog is ever complete is when the product itself ceases to exist
Answer: d) The earliest a Product Backlog is ever complete is when the product itself ceases to exist
Section 8: Sprint Backlog and the Sprint Goal (Q72–79)
72. Which of the following best describes the “plan” component of the Sprint Backlog?
a) A financial forecast for the Sprint
b) A sufficiently detailed plan created by the Developers to guide them in delivering the Increment and achieving the Sprint Goal
c) A document owned exclusively by the Scrum Master
d) A list of stakeholders to contact during the Sprint
Answer: b) A sufficiently detailed plan created by the Developers to guide them in delivering the Increment and achieving the Sprint Goal
73. As the Sprint progresses, the Sprint Backlog should be updated to reflect:
a) Only the Product Owner’s personal preferences
b) New learning about the work required to achieve the Sprint Goal
c) Only changes approved by external stakeholders
d) Nothing; it must remain exactly as created during Sprint Planning
Answer: b) New learning about the work required to achieve the Sprint Goal
74. The Sprint Goal provides Developers with which of the following benefits during the Sprint?
a) Freedom to work on entirely unrelated Product Backlog items
b) A replacement for the need to communicate with the Product Owner
c) A rigid set of tasks with no room for adaptation
d) Flexibility regarding the exact work needed while maintaining focus on a shared objective
Answer: d) Flexibility regarding the exact work needed while maintaining focus on a shared objective
75. If Developers realize mid-Sprint that they selected too much work, the most appropriate action is to:
a) Communicate with the Product Owner and adjust scope while protecting the Sprint Goal
b) Unilaterally cancel the Sprint
c) Wait until the Sprint Review to mention the issue
d) Silently work unsustainable overtime without informing anyone
Answer: a) Communicate with the Product Owner and adjust scope while protecting the Sprint Goal
76. The visibility of the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint primarily supports which empirical pillar?
a) None of the empirical pillars
b) Only inspection, with no relation to transparency
c) Only adaptation, with no relation to transparency
d) Transparency
Answer: d) Transparency
77. Which of the following best describes ownership of updates to the Sprint Backlog during the Sprint?
a) Only the Scrum Master may make updates
b) The Developers own and update it themselves throughout the Sprint
c) Only the Product Owner may make updates
d) Updates require external stakeholder approval
Answer: b) The Developers own and update it themselves throughout the Sprint
78. A Sprint Backlog that is never updated after Sprint Planning would most likely indicate:
a) A highly effective and adaptive team
b) A lack of the transparency and daily inspection Scrum intends to provide
c) No impact on the team’s effectiveness
d) Excellent adherence to the Scrum framework
Answer: b) A lack of the transparency and daily inspection Scrum intends to provide
79. Which best reflects the purpose of having both a Sprint Goal and a detailed Sprint Backlog plan?
a) The Sprint Goal replaces the need for any Product Backlog items
b) They serve identical purposes and are redundant
c) The plan is more important than the goal in all cases
d) The goal provides shared purpose and flexibility, while the plan provides the specific approach to achieve it
Answer: d) The goal provides shared purpose and flexibility, while the plan provides the specific approach to achieve it
Section 9: The Increment and Definition of Done (Q80–87)
80. Which of the following best reflects the Scrum Guide’s expectation for an Increment?
a) It must always be released to end users immediately
b) It must be usable, providing a foundation for future Increments to build upon
c) It only needs to be theoretically complete, without functioning
d) It is created only once, at the end of the project
Answer: b) It must be usable, providing a foundation for future Increments to build upon
81. If work does not meet the Definition of Done, which of the following is true?
a) It is discarded from the Product Backlog entirely
b) It is automatically included in the Increment regardless of quality
c) It cannot be considered part of the Increment and is not presented at the Sprint Review as complete
d) It is presented as complete but noted as “pending” to stakeholders
Answer: c) It cannot be considered part of the Increment and is not presented at the Sprint Review as complete
82. The Definition of Done creates transparency by:
a) Replacing the need for the Sprint Review
b) Giving everyone a shared understanding of what work has actually been completed
c) Hiding the true state of the work from stakeholders
d) Applying only to the Scrum Master’s personal tasks
Answer: b) Giving everyone a shared understanding of what work has actually been completed
83. Multiple Scrum Teams working on the same product should generally:
a) Only align on the Definition of Done at the very end of the product’s life
b) Share a common Definition of Done to ensure consistent quality across combined Increments
c) Use entirely different, unrelated Definitions of Done
d) Avoid any coordination on quality standards
Answer: b) Share a common Definition of Done to ensure consistent quality across combined Increments
84. Which of the following best reflects how the Definition of Done can evolve over time?
a) The Scrum Team can strengthen (but generally not weaken) it as their understanding of quality matures, guided by organizational standards
b) It must remain completely static from the first Sprint onward
c) Only the Product Owner may change it, without team input
d) It is set once by an external auditor and never revisited
Answer: a) The Scrum Team can strengthen (but generally not weaken) it as their understanding of quality matures, guided by organizational standards
85. If a Product Backlog item is only partially finished at the end of a Sprint, it:
a) Is automatically carried forward as “in progress” within the same Sprint, which is then extended
b) Must be discarded permanently
c) Is presented at the Sprint Review as part of the finished Increment
d) Returns to the Product Backlog for future consideration and re-estimation if needed
Answer: d) Returns to the Product Backlog for future consideration and re-estimation if needed
86. Which best reflects the purpose of having a usable Increment at the end of every Sprint, even if the Product Owner chooses not to release it?
a) It replaces the need for stakeholder feedback
b) It ensures the option to release exists and provides a tangible measure of real progress
c) It has no real business value
d) It guarantees the product will always be released every Sprint
Answer: b) It ensures the option to release exists and provides a tangible measure of real progress
87. Which of the following best reflects why the Definition of Done is considered a formal description, rather than an informal understanding?
a) Informal understanding is always sufficient and preferred
b) A formal, explicit description ensures shared, unambiguous understanding of quality expectations across the team
c) It removes the need for any testing activities
d) Formal descriptions are only useful for legal compliance, not quality
Answer: b) A formal, explicit description ensures shared, unambiguous understanding of quality expectations across the team
Section 10: Scrum Master Servant Leadership, Facilitation, Coaching, and Beyond (Q88–100)
88. Which best reflects a Scrum Master acting as a “change agent” within the organization?
a) Focusing exclusively on individual Developer tasks
b) Helping the organization understand and adopt an empirical, Scrum-based way of working over time
c) Avoiding any involvement in organizational culture
d) Forcing immediate, organization-wide changes without stakeholder buy-in
Answer: b) Helping the organization understand and adopt an empirical, Scrum-based way of working over time
89. A Scrum Master noticing that stakeholders regularly interrupt the Developers with ad hoc requests outside of Scrum events should:
a) Help establish and protect boundaries that support the team’s focus, while ensuring stakeholders have appropriate channels for input
b) Instruct the Developers to stop communicating with stakeholders entirely
c) Cancel future Sprint Reviews to avoid stakeholder contact
d) Ignore the pattern since stakeholders have priority
Answer: a) Help establish and protect boundaries that support the team’s focus, while ensuring stakeholders have appropriate channels for input
90. Which best describes the difference between “teaching” and “mentoring” as Scrum Master competencies?
a) They are identical and interchangeable terms
b) Teaching imparts knowledge directly, while mentoring involves guiding someone using shared experience over time
c) Mentoring only applies to Product Owners, never Developers
d) Teaching is not a valid Scrum Master competency
Answer: b) Teaching imparts knowledge directly, while mentoring involves guiding someone using shared experience over time
91. Which of the following best reflects “facilitation” as a core Scrum Master skill?
a) Guiding a group toward a shared outcome using structured, neutral techniques, without imposing a specific answer
b) Avoiding any structure during meetings
c) Only applicable during the Sprint Retrospective
d) Making all decisions for the group being facilitated
Answer: a) Guiding a group toward a shared outcome using structured, neutral techniques, without imposing a specific answer
92. A Scrum Master who provides direct answers to every team question, rather than encouraging the team to problem-solve, risks:
a) Strengthening the team’s ownership of outcomes
b) Having no real effect on team development
c) Undermining the team’s self-management and long-term capability
d) Improving the team’s self-sufficiency over time
Answer: c) Undermining the team’s self-management and long-term capability
93. Which best reflects how a Scrum Master might help scale Scrum practices across multiple related teams?
a) Assigning a single Product Owner arbitrarily to manage unrelated products
b) Ignoring dependencies between teams entirely
c) Eliminating the need for individual team Daily Scrums
d) Facilitating cross-team coordination mechanisms and shared practices, such as a Scrum of Scrums
Answer: d) Facilitating cross-team coordination mechanisms and shared practices, such as a Scrum of Scrums
94. Which of the following best reflects the Scrum Master’s approach to organizational impediments outside the team’s control?
a) Ignoring impediments that do not affect the current Sprint
b) Delegating resolution entirely to the Product Owner
c) Actively working with relevant leaders or departments to help resolve them
d) Assuming such impediments are permanent and cannot be addressed
Answer: c) Actively working with relevant leaders or departments to help resolve them
95. Conflict within a Scrum Team, when addressed constructively, can lead to:
a) Permanent damage to the team with no possible recovery
b) A need to disband the team immediately
c) No meaningful outcome either way
d) Better decisions and stronger team cohesion over time
Answer: d) Better decisions and stronger team cohesion over time
96. Which best reflects the Scrum Master’s role in protecting the team’s focus during the Sprint?
a) Taking on all interruptions personally by completing the work themselves
b) Isolating the Developers completely from the Product Owner and stakeholders
c) Allowing unlimited interruptions with no boundaries
d) Helping shield the Developers from unnecessary interruptions while ensuring necessary collaboration still occurs
Answer: d) Helping shield the Developers from unnecessary interruptions while ensuring necessary collaboration still occurs
97. Which of the following best reflects an appropriate way for a Scrum Master to introduce a new facilitation technique to the team?
a) Propose it, explain its purpose, and invite the team to try it and reflect on its usefulness
b) Mandate its permanent use without team input or reflection
c) Avoid introducing any new techniques to prevent disruption
d) Implement it secretly without informing the team
Answer: a) Propose it, explain its purpose, and invite the team to try it and reflect on its usefulness
98. Which best describes how a Scrum Master can support a newly formed Scrum Team still learning to self-manage?
a) Avoiding any coaching until the team requests it explicitly
b) Making all decisions for the team indefinitely
c) Providing zero guidance from day one, regardless of team maturity
d) Providing more active guidance initially, gradually stepping back as the team matures
Answer: d) Providing more active guidance initially, gradually stepping back as the team matures
99. A Scrum Master’s success is ultimately not measured by their own individual output, but rather by:
a) The Scrum Team’s ability to effectively deliver value and continuously improve
b) The number of Scrum events they personally lead each Sprint
c) The size of the Product Backlog they manage
d) The number of certifications the Scrum Master holds
Answer: a) The Scrum Team’s ability to effectively deliver value and continuously improve
100. Which statement best summarizes the Scrum Master’s overall accountability, according to the Scrum Guide?
a) Managing the budget and schedule on behalf of the Product Owner
b) Serving as the sole decision-maker for the Scrum Team
c) Approving all technical decisions made by the Developers
d) Establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide by helping everyone understand Scrum theory and practice, both within the Scrum Team and the organization
Answer: d) Establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide by helping everyone understand Scrum theory and practice, both within the Scrum Team and the organization
