Section 1: Scrum Theory and Foundations (Q1–12)

1. Scrum is founded on which theoretical approach to managing complex work?
a) Empiricism
b) Deterministic planning
c) Waterfall sequencing
d) Command-and-control management
Answer: a) Empiricism

2. The three pillars of empirical process control in Scrum are:
a) Transparency, Inspection, and Adaptation
b) Planning, Execution, and Closing
c) Scope, Schedule, and Cost
d) Vision, Strategy, and Tactics
Answer: a) Transparency, Inspection, and Adaptation

3. Which pillar of Scrum requires that significant aspects of the process be visible to those responsible for the outcome?
a) Transparency
b) Inspection
c) Adaptation
d) Accountability
Answer: a) Transparency

4. Inspection in Scrum refers to:
a) Frequently examining Scrum artifacts and progress to detect undesirable variances
b) A one-time audit at project closure
c) A financial review conducted by external auditors
d) A performance review of individual team members only
Answer: a) Frequently examining Scrum artifacts and progress to detect undesirable variances

5. Adaptation in Scrum occurs when:
a) An inspector determines that aspects of a process deviate outside acceptable limits, and an adjustment is made
b) The team ignores inspection results
c) The Sprint length is changed mid-Sprint
d) The Product Owner is replaced
Answer: a) An inspector determines that aspects of a process deviate outside acceptable limits, and an adjustment is made

6. The five Scrum values are:
a) Commitment, Courage, Focus, Openness, and Respect
b) Speed, Quality, Cost, Scope, and Risk
c) Planning, Doing, Checking, Acting, and Reviewing
d) Trust, Honesty, Discipline, Loyalty, and Integrity
Answer: a) Commitment, Courage, Focus, Openness, and Respect

7. Which Scrum value reflects the team’s dedication to achieving its goals and supporting each other?
a) Commitment
b) Courage
c) Openness
d) Respect
Answer: a) Commitment

8. Which Scrum value refers to team members having the bravery to do the right thing and tackle difficult problems?
a) Courage
b) Focus
c) Commitment
d) Respect
Answer: a) Courage

9. Scrum Team members practicing the value of “Focus” primarily:
a) Concentrate their effort on the work of the Sprint and the goals of the Scrum Team
b) Work on multiple unrelated projects simultaneously
c) Prioritize personal tasks over team goals
d) Avoid collaboration with other team members
Answer: a) Concentrate their effort on the work of the Sprint and the goals of the Scrum Team

10. “Respect” as a Scrum value means Scrum Team members:
a) Respect each other to be capable, independent people
b) Only respect the Scrum Master’s decisions
c) Avoid giving each other honest feedback
d) Respect only external stakeholders, not each other
Answer: a) Respect each other to be capable, independent people

11. Scrum is best described as:
a) A lightweight framework that helps people, teams, and organizations generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems
b) A detailed, prescriptive methodology with no room for tailoring
c) A software tool for project tracking
d) A certification body governing all agile practices
Answer: a) A lightweight framework that helps people, teams, and organizations generate value through adaptive solutions for complex problems

12. According to the Scrum Guide, Scrum is founded on:
a) Empiricism and Lean thinking
b) Predictive planning and detailed upfront requirements
c) Command-and-control hierarchy
d) Fixed contracts with no adaptation
Answer: a) Empiricism and Lean thinking

Section 2: The Scrum Team and Accountabilities (Q13–27)

13. The Scrum Team consists of which accountabilities?
a) One Scrum Master, one Product Owner, and Developers
b) A Project Manager, Business Analyst, and Testers
c) A Steering Committee and multiple Product Owners
d) A Program Manager and functional leads
Answer: a) One Scrum Master, one Product Owner, and Developers

14. According to the current Scrum Guide, Scrum Teams are typically:
a) Small enough to remain nimble and large enough to complete significant work, often 10 or fewer people
b) Always exactly 5 people
c) As large as possible to maximize output
d) Composed of separate sub-teams with individual Product Owners
Answer: a) Small enough to remain nimble and large enough to complete significant work, often 10 or fewer people

15. The Product Owner is primarily accountable for:
a) Maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team
b) Assigning daily tasks to Developers
c) Facilitating the Daily Scrum
d) Writing all the code for the product
Answer: a) Maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team

16. Which of the following is a Product Owner responsibility?
a) Developing and communicating the Product Goal
b) Coaching the Developers on self-management
c) Removing organizational impediments
d) Facilitating the Sprint Retrospective
Answer: a) Developing and communicating the Product Goal

17. The Scrum Team is described in the Scrum Guide as being:
a) Cross-functional, meaning members have all the skills necessary to create value each Sprint
b) Composed of narrow specialists who cannot perform any other role
c) Managed by a hierarchy of functional managers
d) Reliant on an external project manager for task assignment
Answer: a) Cross-functional, meaning members have all the skills necessary to create value each Sprint

18. Who is accountable for the overall Product Backlog, including its content, availability, and ordering?
a) Product Owner
b) Scrum Master
c) Developers
d) Stakeholders collectively
Answer: a) Product Owner

19. The Scrum Master is accountable for:
a) Establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide, and the Scrum Team’s effectiveness
b) Managing the product budget
c) Writing the Product Backlog items
d) Approving stakeholder requirements
Answer: a) Establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide, and the Scrum Team’s effectiveness

20. The Scrum Master serves the Product Owner in which of the following ways?
a) Helping find techniques for effective Product Goal definition and Product Backlog management
b) Writing the Product Backlog on the Product Owner’s behalf
c) Overriding the Product Owner’s prioritization decisions
d) Replacing the Product Owner when unavailable
Answer: a) Helping find techniques for effective Product Goal definition and Product Backlog management

21. Developers, as defined in the Scrum Guide, are accountable for:
a) Creating a plan for the Sprint (the Sprint Backlog) and instilling quality by adhering to a Definition of Done
b) Approving the project budget
c) Setting stakeholder expectations independently of the Product Owner
d) Facilitating the Sprint Review as its sole owner
Answer: a) Creating a plan for the Sprint (the Sprint Backlog) and instilling quality by adhering to a Definition of Done

22. Which best describes how the Scrum Master serves the organization?
a) Leading, training, and coaching the organization in its Scrum adoption
b) Managing the organization’s overall financial performance
c) Making all product decisions on behalf of stakeholders
d) Replacing the need for any organizational leadership
Answer: a) Leading, training, and coaching the organization in its Scrum adoption

23. The Scrum Team is responsible for all product-related activities, including:
a) Stakeholder collaboration, verification, maintenance, operation, experimentation, research and development, and anything else that might be required
b) Only writing code, with no other responsibilities
c) Only attending ceremonies, with no product ownership
d) Only defining requirements, with no delivery responsibility
Answer: a) Stakeholder collaboration, verification, maintenance, operation, experimentation, research and development, and anything else that might be required

24. If the Product Owner is unavailable during Sprint Planning, the best course of action is generally to:
a) Have the Scrum Master facilitate rescheduling or ensure Product Owner input is available through another means, since their input is essential
b) Proceed without any Product Owner input or representation
c) Cancel the Sprint entirely
d) Have the Scrum Master make all prioritization decisions permanently
Answer: a) Have the Scrum Master facilitate rescheduling or ensure Product Owner input is available through another means, since their input is essential

25. Can the Scrum Master also be a Developer on the same Scrum Team?
a) Yes, in some contexts, as long as they can still fulfill their Scrum Master accountabilities effectively
b) No, this is strictly forbidden in every case
c) Only if they are also the Product Owner
d) Only during the first Sprint
Answer: a) Yes, in some contexts, as long as they can still fulfill their Scrum Master accountabilities effectively

26. The Scrum Guide describes the Scrum Team as being responsible for:
a) All product-related activities from stakeholder collaboration to maintenance, as a self-managing, cross-functional unit
b) Only development tasks, with a separate team responsible for testing
c) Reporting to a functional manager for all decisions
d) Following directions from an external project management office for all work
Answer: a) All product-related activities from stakeholder collaboration to maintenance, as a self-managing, cross-functional unit

27. A Scrum Master helping the Developers understand how to select and change their way of working through self-management is an example of:
a) Serving the Developers
b) Serving the Product Owner exclusively
c) Serving only external stakeholders
d) Acting outside the Scrum Master’s accountabilities
Answer: a) Serving the Developers

Section 3: The Sprint and Sprint Planning (Q28–37)

28. A Sprint is best described as:
a) A time-boxed container for all other Scrum events, usually one month or less, during which a “Done” increment is created
b) An indefinite period of work with no fixed length
c) A single meeting held at the start of a project
d) A period reserved only for planning, with no delivery
Answer: a) A time-boxed container for all other Scrum events, usually one month or less, during which a “Done” increment is created

29. During a Sprint, which of the following should generally be avoided?
a) Changes that endanger the Sprint Goal
b) Daily collaboration among Developers
c) Refining upcoming Product Backlog items
d) Adapting the Sprint Backlog as new information emerges
Answer: a) Changes that endanger the Sprint Goal

30. Sprint Planning addresses which three topics?
a) Why is this Sprint valuable, What can be Done this Sprint, and How will the chosen work get done
b) Budget, Schedule, and Scope
c) Risk, Quality, and Procurement
d) Stakeholder satisfaction, Team velocity, and Cost variance
Answer: a) Why is this Sprint valuable, What can be Done this Sprint, and How will the chosen work get done

31. Who is responsible for crafting the Sprint Goal during Sprint Planning?
a) The whole Scrum Team, collaboratively
b) The Product Owner alone, without Developer input
c) The Scrum Master alone
d) An external stakeholder
Answer: a) The whole Scrum Team, collaboratively

32. The maximum recommended duration for Sprint Planning for a one-month Sprint is:
a) Eight hours
b) One hour
c) Four hours
d) Two full working days
Answer: a) Eight hours

33. During Sprint Planning, Developers primarily focus on:
a) Selecting Product Backlog items and creating a plan for delivering them, forming the Sprint Backlog
b) Setting the overall product vision
c) Approving the project charter
d) Negotiating the contract with external vendors
Answer: a) Selecting Product Backlog items and creating a plan for delivering them, forming the Sprint Backlog

34. Who determines how much work can realistically be forecasted for the upcoming Sprint?
a) The Developers, based on their past performance, capacity, and Definition of Done
b) The Product Owner alone
c) The Scrum Master alone
d) Senior management
Answer: a) The Developers, based on their past performance, capacity, and Definition of Done

35. A well-crafted Sprint Goal provides which of the following benefits?
a) Coherence and focus, encouraging the Scrum Team to work together rather than on separate initiatives
b) A rigid, unchangeable list of tasks
c) A guarantee that no scope will ever change
d) A replacement for the Definition of Done
Answer: a) Coherence and focus, encouraging the Scrum Team to work together rather than on separate initiatives

36. If, during the Sprint, the work turns out to be different than expected, the Developers should:
a) Collaborate with the Product Owner to negotiate the scope within the Sprint without endangering the Sprint Goal
b) Immediately cancel the Sprint
c) Ignore the change and continue exactly as originally planned regardless of impact
d) Wait until the Sprint Retrospective to address it
Answer: a) Collaborate with the Product Owner to negotiate the scope within the Sprint without endangering the Sprint Goal

37. Who has the authority to cancel a Sprint?
a) Only the Product Owner
b) Only the Scrum Master
c) Only the Developers
d) Any Scrum Team member acting alone
Answer: a) Only the Product Owner

Section 4: The Daily Scrum (Q38–45)

38. The Daily Scrum is time-boxed to:
a) 15 minutes
b) 60 minutes
c) 30 minutes
d) 5 minutes
Answer: a) 15 minutes

39. The primary purpose of the Daily Scrum is to:
a) Inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog as necessary
b) Provide a detailed status report to management
c) Assign new tasks unrelated to the Sprint Goal
d) Replace the need for the Sprint Review
Answer: a) Inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog as necessary

40. Who is required to attend the Daily Scrum?
a) The Developers
b) Only the Scrum Master
c) Only the Product Owner
d) All organizational stakeholders
Answer: a) The Developers

41. According to the Scrum Guide, the Daily Scrum should be held:
a) At the same time and place every working day of the Sprint
b) Only once per Sprint
c) Only when the Scrum Master decides it is necessary
d) At a different time each day to accommodate stakeholders
Answer: a) At the same time and place every working day of the Sprint

42. If the Product Owner or Scrum Master is actively working on Sprint Backlog items, they:
a) Participate in the Daily Scrum as Developers in that context
b) Are prohibited from attending the Daily Scrum
c) Must always lead the Daily Scrum
d) Replace the need for a Daily Scrum altogether
Answer: a) Participate in the Daily Scrum as Developers in that context

43. The Scrum Guide states that the Daily Scrum improves communications, identifies impediments, and:
a) Promotes quick decision-making, eliminating the need for other meetings
b) Replaces the need for Sprint Planning
c) Is used to evaluate individual performance for compensation purposes
d) Is optional and rarely provides value
Answer: a) Promotes quick decision-making, eliminating the need for other meetings

44. The Scrum Master’s role during the Daily Scrum is primarily to:
a) Ensure the meeting takes place and teach the Developers to keep it within the time-box, if needed
b) Dictate exactly what each Developer should say
c) Use it as a status report directly to management
d) Replace the Developers in leading the discussion permanently
Answer: a) Ensure the meeting takes place and teach the Developers to keep it within the time-box, if needed

45. If impediments are raised during the Daily Scrum, the Developers should:
a) Address them, often with follow-up discussions immediately after the event
b) Ignore them until the Sprint Retrospective
c) Escalate every impediment to senior executives regardless of scope
d) Cancel the Sprint immediately
Answer: a) Address them, often with follow-up discussions immediately after the event

Section 5: The Sprint Review (Q46–53)

46. The primary purpose of the Sprint Review is to:
a) Inspect the outcome of the Sprint and determine future adaptations
b) Assign blame for incomplete work
c) Replace the need for the Daily Scrum
d) Finalize the project budget
Answer: a) Inspect the outcome of the Sprint and determine future adaptations

47. During the Sprint Review, the Scrum Team presents:
a) The results of their work to key stakeholders and discusses progress toward the Product Goal
b) A detailed hour-by-hour breakdown of team activities
c) Only a written status report, with no demonstration
d) Individual performance evaluations
Answer: a) The results of their work to key stakeholders and discusses progress toward the Product Goal

48. The maximum recommended duration of the Sprint Review for a one-month Sprint is:
a) Four hours
b) One hour
c) Eight hours
d) Thirty minutes
Answer: a) Four hours

49. Who attends the Sprint Review?
a) The Scrum Team and key stakeholders
b) Only the Scrum Master and Product Owner
c) Only external auditors
d) Only the Developers, with no stakeholders present
Answer: a) The Scrum Team and key stakeholders

50. During the Sprint Review, the Product Backlog may be adjusted based on:
a) Newly identified opportunities, market changes, or feedback from stakeholders
b) The Scrum Master’s personal preference only
c) A fixed schedule that never changes
d) Information unrelated to the product
Answer: a) Newly identified opportunities, market changes, or feedback from stakeholders

51. The Sprint Review is considered a working session and should:
a) Avoid being limited to a simple status update presentation
b) Be a strictly formal, one-way presentation with no discussion
c) Replace the Sprint Retrospective entirely
d) Occur only if all planned work was completed
Answer: a) Avoid being limited to a simple status update presentation

52. If the Scrum Team did not complete all planned Sprint Backlog items, the Sprint Review should still:
a) Occur, showing the actual Increment created and discussing what was and wasn’t completed
b) Be canceled entirely
c) Be replaced with a written apology to stakeholders
d) Exclude any discussion of incomplete work
Answer: a) Occur, showing the actual Increment created and discussing what was and wasn’t completed

53. Feedback gathered during the Sprint Review most directly informs:
a) Future Product Backlog refinement and prioritization
b) The individual performance reviews of Developers
c) The Scrum Master’s personal certification renewal
d) Only the next Daily Scrum agenda
Answer: a) Future Product Backlog refinement and prioritization

Section 6: The Sprint Retrospective (Q54–61)

54. The primary purpose of the Sprint Retrospective is to:
a) Plan ways to increase quality and effectiveness for future Sprints
b) Demonstrate the Increment to stakeholders
c) Select items for the next Sprint Backlog
d) Finalize the Product Backlog
Answer: a) Plan ways to increase quality and effectiveness for future Sprints

55. The Sprint Retrospective occurs:
a) After the Sprint Review and before the next Sprint Planning
b) Before the Sprint Review
c) Only at the end of a release, not every Sprint
d) Only when problems have occurred during the Sprint
Answer: a) After the Sprint Review and before the next Sprint Planning

56. The maximum recommended duration of the Sprint Retrospective for a one-month Sprint is:
a) Three hours
b) Thirty minutes
c) Eight hours
d) One hour
Answer: a) Three hours

57. During the Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team inspects which aspects of the previous Sprint?
a) Individuals, interactions, processes, tools, and their Definition of Done
b) Only the final financial results
c) Only the Product Owner’s performance
d) Only stakeholder satisfaction, with no process reflection
Answer: a) Individuals, interactions, processes, tools, and their Definition of Done

58. The output of a Sprint Retrospective typically includes:
a) Identified improvements that can be implemented in the next Sprint
b) A finalized product release
c) A revised organizational budget
d) A new Product Owner assignment
Answer: a) Identified improvements that can be implemented in the next Sprint

59. Who participates in the Sprint Retrospective?
a) The entire Scrum Team
b) Only the Developers
c) Only external stakeholders
d) Only the Scrum Master
Answer: a) The entire Scrum Team

60. The Sprint Retrospective concludes the Sprint and marks:
a) The end of the Sprint, immediately preceding the next Sprint Planning
b) The start of the Sprint
c) The midpoint of the Sprint
d) An optional event that can be skipped without consequence
Answer: a) The end of the Sprint, immediately preceding the next Sprint Planning

61. According to the Scrum Guide, the Scrum Team can adapt its Definition of Done, if useful, as a result of:
a) Insights gained during the Sprint Retrospective
b) A decision made solely by external management
c) A change mandated by an unrelated department
d) The Daily Scrum exclusively
Answer: a) Insights gained during the Sprint Retrospective

Section 7: Product Backlog and the Product Goal (Q62–71)

62. The Product Backlog is best described as:
a) An emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product
b) A fixed, unchangeable list finalized at project initiation
c) A record of completed work only
d) A financial document tracking project costs
Answer: a) An emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product

63. The Product Goal describes:
a) A future state of the product that can serve as a target for the Scrum Team to plan against
b) The exact tasks to be completed in the next Daily Scrum
c) A fixed deadline with no flexibility
d) The Scrum Master’s personal objective
Answer: a) A future state of the product that can serve as a target for the Scrum Team to plan against

64. The Product Goal is an example of which type of Scrum artifact commitment?
a) The commitment for the Product Backlog
b) The commitment for the Sprint Backlog
c) The commitment for the Increment
d) There is no commitment associated with the Product Backlog
Answer: a) The commitment for the Product Backlog

65. Refining the Product Backlog is the act of:
a) Breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller, more precise items
b) Deleting the Product Backlog entirely each Sprint
c) Replacing the Product Owner
d) Finalizing the Sprint Backlog
Answer: a) Breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller, more precise items

66. Who is ultimately accountable for ordering (prioritizing) the Product Backlog?
a) The Product Owner
b) The Scrum Master
c) The Developers collectively without Product Owner involvement
d) External stakeholders directly
Answer: a) The Product Owner

67. Product Backlog items that can be “Done” by the Scrum Team within one Sprint are considered:
a) Ready for selection in a Sprint Planning event
b) Too large and must be discarded
c) Only appropriate for the final Sprint of a release
d) Irrelevant to Sprint Planning
Answer: a) Ready for selection in a Sprint Planning event

68. As long as a product exists, its Product Backlog:
a) Also exists, evolving as the product and its environment evolve
b) Is deleted after the first release
c) Remains completely static
d) Is owned collectively by all stakeholders equally
Answer: a) Also exists, evolving as the product and its environment evolve

69. Higher-ordered Product Backlog items should generally be:
a) Clearer and more detailed than lower-ordered items
b) Less detailed than lower-ordered items
c) Removed from the backlog entirely
d) Assigned only to the Scrum Master
Answer: a) Clearer and more detailed than lower-ordered items

70. The Product Backlog is considered “emergent” because:
a) It is never considered complete and evolves as long as the product exists
b) It is finalized once and never changes
c) It only reflects historical, completed work
d) It is created solely by external consultants
Answer: a) It is never considered complete and evolves as long as the product exists

71. Anyone can influence the Product Backlog, but:
a) The Product Owner remains accountable for its content, availability, and ordering
b) Only the Scrum Master can make changes
c) Only Developers may add new items
d) Stakeholders have final decision-making authority over ordering
Answer: a) The Product Owner remains accountable for its content, availability, and ordering

Section 8: Sprint Backlog and the Sprint Goal (Q72–79)

72. The Sprint Backlog is composed of:
a) The Sprint Goal (Why), the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint (What), and a plan for delivering the Increment (How)
b) Only a list of tasks with no goal or plan
c) The entire Product Backlog
d) A financial report of Sprint costs
Answer: a) The Sprint Goal (Why), the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint (What), and a plan for delivering the Increment (How)

73. The Sprint Goal is the commitment associated with which artifact?
a) The Sprint Backlog
b) The Product Backlog
c) The Increment
d) The Definition of Done
Answer: a) The Sprint Backlog

74. Who owns and manages the Sprint Backlog during the Sprint?
a) The Developers
b) The Product Owner alone
c) The Scrum Master alone
d) External stakeholders
Answer: a) The Developers

75. If new work is discovered during the Sprint, the Developers should:
a) Add it to the Sprint Backlog as needed, in negotiation with the Product Owner if it endangers the Sprint Goal
b) Ignore it entirely until the next Sprint
c) Automatically extend the Sprint’s duration
d) Cancel the current Sprint
Answer: a) Add it to the Sprint Backlog as needed, in negotiation with the Product Owner if it endangers the Sprint Goal

76. The Sprint Backlog should be updated throughout the Sprint to:
a) Make the work visible, in real time, as it is being done
b) Remain completely fixed once created during Sprint Planning
c) Be visible only to the Scrum Master
d) Be reviewed only during the Sprint Retrospective
Answer: a) Make the work visible, in real time, as it is being done

77. A Sprint Goal provides flexibility because:
a) It encourages the Developers to work toward the same objective, even if the specific approach to reach it varies
b) It locks the exact tasks that must be performed with no flexibility
c) It eliminates the need for a Sprint Backlog
d) It is set unilaterally by external stakeholders
Answer: a) It encourages the Developers to work toward the same objective, even if the specific approach to reach it varies

78. If the work planned for the Sprint turns out to be significantly different than expected, and the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete, then:
a) The Product Owner has the authority to cancel the Sprint
b) The Developers must continue regardless of relevance
c) The Scrum Master must approve any change before it happens
d) The Sprint automatically extends until the goal is achieved
Answer: a) The Product Owner has the authority to cancel the Sprint

79. The Sprint Backlog is a highly visible, real-time picture of:
a) The work that the Developers plan to accomplish during the Sprint to achieve the Sprint Goal
b) The total lifetime revenue of the product
c) The individual performance of each Developer
d) The organization’s entire portfolio of projects
Answer: a) The work that the Developers plan to accomplish during the Sprint to achieve the Sprint Goal

Section 9: The Increment and Definition of Done (Q80–87)

80. An Increment is defined as:
a) A concrete stepping stone toward the Product Goal, which must be usable
b) A theoretical plan with no tangible output
c) A financial milestone only
d) A document describing future work
Answer: a) A concrete stepping stone toward the Product Goal, which must be usable

81. Multiple Increments created within a Sprint are:
a) Summed together into the overall product and evaluated at the Sprint Review
b) Kept entirely separate and never integrated
c) Discarded if not individually reviewed
d) Irrelevant to the Sprint Review discussion
Answer: a) Summed together into the overall product and evaluated at the Sprint Review

82. The Definition of Done is a formal description of:
a) The state of the Increment when it meets the quality measures required for the product
b) The Scrum Master’s personal preferences
c) The financial budget allocated to the Sprint
d) The stakeholders who will attend the Sprint Review
Answer: a) The state of the Increment when it meets the quality measures required for the product

83. If a Product Backlog item does not meet the Definition of Done, it:
a) Cannot be released or presented at the Sprint Review as part of the Increment, and returns to the Product Backlog for future consideration
b) Is automatically released to production regardless of quality
c) Is discarded permanently and never revisited
d) Is presented as “Done” regardless of the gap
Answer: a) Cannot be released or presented at the Sprint Review as part of the Increment, and returns to the Product Backlog for future consideration

84. If a Definition of Done is part of the organization’s standards, then:
a) All Scrum Teams must follow it as a minimum, and can adapt it further to suit their product context
b) Individual Scrum Teams can ignore it entirely
c) Only the Scrum Master needs to follow it
d) It applies only to the final release of the product
Answer: a) All Scrum Teams must follow it as a minimum, and can adapt it further to suit their product context

85. The purpose of the Definition of Done is primarily to:
a) Create transparency and a shared understanding of what “complete” means for work
b) Replace the need for a Sprint Review
c) Determine individual Developer compensation
d) Set the overall project budget
Answer: a) Create transparency and a shared understanding of what “complete” means for work

86. When an Increment is deemed “Done,” a usable Increment is required to be:
a) Made available, regardless of whether the Product Owner decides to actually release it
b) Automatically released to customers with no further decision needed
c) Discarded if not released immediately
d) Kept hidden from stakeholders until the entire product is complete
Answer: a) Made available, regardless of whether the Product Owner decides to actually release it

87. If there is no organizational standard for “Done,” the Scrum Team must:
a) Create a Definition of Done appropriate for the product
b) Proceed without any Definition of Done
c) Wait until the Product Owner is replaced
d) Use the Sprint Goal as a substitute for the Definition of Done
Answer: a) Create a Definition of Done appropriate for the product

Section 10: The Scrum Master Role, Servant Leadership, and Facilitation (Q88–100)

88. The Scrum Master is best described in the Scrum Guide as a:
a) True leader who serves the Scrum Team and the larger organization
b) Traditional project manager with command authority over the team
c) Administrative assistant with no leadership responsibility
d) Role that exists only for large enterprise programs
Answer: a) True leader who serves the Scrum Team and the larger organization

89. Servant leadership, as practiced by the Scrum Master, primarily emphasizes:
a) Serving the needs of the team and removing obstacles to their success
b) Directing and controlling every team decision
c) Prioritizing personal recognition over team success
d) Avoiding any involvement with team dynamics
Answer: a) Serving the needs of the team and removing obstacles to their success

90. Which of the following is an example of the Scrum Master removing an organizational impediment?
a) Working with other departments to resolve a recurring resource availability conflict affecting the team
b) Personally completing all the Developers’ tasks
c) Ignoring recurring blockers raised in the Daily Scrum
d) Assigning blame to a specific team member for a delay
Answer: a) Working with other departments to resolve a recurring resource availability conflict affecting the team

91. A Scrum Master facilitating a difficult conversation between two Developers with conflicting opinions should primarily:
a) Guide the discussion neutrally, helping the team reach their own resolution
b) Make the decision for them unilaterally
c) Avoid addressing the conflict at all
d) Escalate to HR immediately without attempting facilitation
Answer: a) Guide the discussion neutrally, helping the team reach their own resolution

92. Coaching, as a Scrum Master competency, differs from teaching in that coaching primarily:
a) Helps individuals or teams discover their own solutions and insights, rather than providing direct answers
b) Involves giving direct instructions on every task
c) Is only relevant for new team members
d) Replaces the need for team collaboration
Answer: a) Helps individuals or teams discover their own solutions and insights, rather than providing direct answers

93. Which best describes how a Scrum Master helps the organization adopt Scrum?
a) Planning Scrum implementations, and helping employees and stakeholders understand and enact Scrum and empirical product development
b) Mandating Scrum practices without explaining the underlying values
c) Avoiding any interaction with organizational leadership
d) Focusing solely on the Scrum Team, with no organizational involvement
Answer: a) Planning Scrum implementations, and helping employees and stakeholders understand and enact Scrum and empirical product development

94. A Scrum Master noticing the team consistently struggling with the same impediment across multiple Sprints should:
a) Investigate the root cause and work to resolve the systemic issue, potentially escalating beyond the team level
b) Ignore the pattern since it is not their responsibility
c) Wait for the team to resolve it entirely on their own with no support
d) Replace the affected team members
Answer: a) Investigate the root cause and work to resolve the systemic issue, potentially escalating beyond the team level

95. Which facilitation technique helps ensure all voices are heard during a Scrum event, particularly with dominant personalities present?
a) Structured facilitation techniques, such as round-robin sharing or silent brainstorming
b) Allowing only the most senior person to speak
c) Skipping input from quieter team members
d) Avoiding facilitation altogether
Answer: a) Structured facilitation techniques, such as round-robin sharing or silent brainstorming

96. The Scrum Master helps the Product Owner by:
a) Finding techniques for effective Product Goal definition and Product Backlog management, and facilitating stakeholder collaboration
b) Making all prioritization decisions independently of the Product Owner
c) Avoiding any interaction with stakeholders
d) Writing the Product Backlog items without Product Owner involvement
Answer: a) Finding techniques for effective Product Goal definition and Product Backlog management, and facilitating stakeholder collaboration

97. Which of the following best reflects a Scrum Master fostering the Scrum Team’s self-management?
a) Encouraging the team to decide who does what, when, and how, rather than directing their work
b) Assigning specific tasks to each team member every day
c) Making all technical decisions personally
d) Preventing the team from making any independent choices
Answer: a) Encouraging the team to decide who does what, when, and how, rather than directing their work

98. A Scrum Master observing that Scrum events are consistently running over their time-box should:
a) Coach the team on effective time-boxing and facilitation techniques to improve focus
b) Ignore the issue since time-boxes are only guidelines
c) Cancel all future Scrum events
d) Extend every event’s time-box permanently without addressing the root cause
Answer: a) Coach the team on effective time-boxing and facilitation techniques to improve focus

99. Which best distinguishes a Scrum Master from a traditional project manager?
a) The Scrum Master serves and facilitates the self-managing team rather than directing and controlling the work
b) The Scrum Master assigns all tasks and manages the budget directly
c) The Scrum Master has full authority over hiring and firing team members
d) The Scrum Master is responsible for writing the Product Backlog
Answer: a) The Scrum Master serves and facilitates the self-managing team rather than directing and controlling the work

100. Ultimately, the effectiveness of a Scrum Master is best measured by:
a) The Scrum Team’s overall effectiveness and ability to deliver value through Scrum
b) The number of meetings they personally lead
c) Their individual technical output, separate from the team
d) The size of the Product Backlog
Answer: a) The Scrum Team’s overall effectiveness and ability to deliver value through Scrum